(Healey and Jenkins, 2000 Ives-Dewey, 2009) To provide experiential learning opportunities Real-world applications for teaching hydrology to geography andĮnvironmental science students are class activities While preserving the functionality of planetary systems that sustain lifeįilho et al., 2019 Kopnina, 2018). United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to encourageĮnvironmental stewardship, human equality, and a basic standard of living To maximize societal gain, these applications can address Real-world applications (Seibert et al., 2013 Involves the introduction of concepts and theories with an emphasis on
(Vogel et al., 2015), teaching of this subjectĪt the postsecondary level should utilize a synthesis of techniques that Presented along with additional applications.ĭue to the increasing need for interdisciplinary approaches in hydrology
Student suggestions for improvement of the circuit activity are
The theory of circuit operation andĬalibration is provided along with a complete bill of materials (BOM) andĭesign files for replication of this activity in other postsecondaryĬlassrooms. Student-provided feedback showed that the circuit activity motivated,Įngaged, and facilitated learning. In the creation of meaningful knowledge, and the instructor serves as aįacilitator to assist students in the achievement of a goal. This is an example of constructivist teaching where students engage Opportunity to create a custom hydrological model within the context of theĬlass. Mathematical models of hydrological processes. Used the circuits to collect data useful for providing inputs to Systems science, modelling in hydrology, and model calibration. Water detection circuit and (2) a hybrid relative humidity (RH) / air Two circuits were constructed by students: (1) a Testing of electronic circuits was introduced to an advanced hydrology classĪt the postsecondary level. The results showed that the numerical relay models respond satisfactorily according with the expected results of the tests.A classroom activity involving the construction, calibration, and Additionally, a set of tests were performed to investigate the consistency of the relay models generated with the proposed methodology. Power transformer differential protection responses to internal and external faults were considered. The adjustment of differential protection of power transformer to overcome the effects of inrush current was performed. Local and remote backup distance protection of transmission lines was simulated. Relay performance under CT saturation and the effects of the removal of anti-aliasing analog filter were investigated. Adjustment of distance and differential relays were studied. A number of protection system studies were performed with the structure created with the proposed methodology. The thesis describes a procedure for designing distance and differential relay models, but the methodology may be extended to design models of other relay elements. Further additions of digital relay models into the PSCAD/EMTDC case constitute the protection system model. Convenient electrical and logical signals are connected to the inputs and outputs of the PSCAD/EMTDC component.
Digital techniques for power system protection usask code#
This generated code is incorporated in a PSCAD/EMTDC case using a resource called component, which facilitates the creation of user-custom models in PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed methodology employs a Visual C++-based program (PLSA) to obtain from the user the specifications of the relay to be designed, and to process this information to generate the FORTRAN code that represents the functional blocks of the relay. This thesis describes a new approach of modeling and designing of numerical relays. A literature survey has revealed that previous modeling techniques presented a lack of automation in the generation of relay models, or show high complexity in linking the numerical relay models with the power system modeled in the emtp. Computer models of numerical relays for the study of protection systems are greatly enhanced when working along with an electromagnetic transient program (emtp). Designing of numerical relays is employed to produce new prototypes and protection algorithms. Modeling of digital and numerical relays is important to adjust and settle protection equipment in electrical facilities and to train protection personnel. Numerical relays have the ability to communicate with its peers, are economical and are easy to operate, adjust and repair. Numerical relays are the result of the application of microprocessor technology in relay industry.